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16 | InTouch WINTER 2024 of IBM but is a less common diagnostic tool in clinical practice. • A swallow study (video fluoroscopy) may be done if there are symptoms of dysphagia. The presence of an abnormality called pharyngeal bar is highly specific for IBM. A muscle biopsy is the final diagnostic procedure and is the gold standard for diagnosis confirmation. Management of IBM There is no effective disease- modifying treatment for inclusion body myositis. The use of steroids and conventional immunosuppressive therapies have failed to show clinically significant benefit. High- dose prednisolone, which might be expected to help due to is anti-inflammatory effect, worsens overall quality of life. There is no convincing evidence that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) helps to alter the course of the disease. Several other immune-modulating drugs have been studied, but there have been no positive trials thus far. Researchers have discovered that the specific type of inflammatory cells present in IBM are remarkably resistant to these therapies. Consequently, more targeted immunotherapies aimed at disabling these specialized inflammatory cells are currently under investigation. (See IBM Research below). Despite the lack of effect pharmacological treatment for IBM, various strategies can significantly improve quality of life. A multidisciplinary team approach is ideal for the effective management of IBM, ensuring that individuals receive holistic, coordinated, and personalized care that addresses all dimensions of their health and well-being. Regular monitoring for swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) is crucial. Individuals with IBM should be screened for dysphagia at least once a year through a detailed discussion about their swallowing function with their neurologist or general practitioner. If there are any concerns, it is important to see a speech pathologist for a comprehensive evaluation. A speech pathologist can offer valuable assessments and treatments to manage dysphagia and enhance swallowing safety. Studies indicate that frequent, low resistance, endurance exercises are safe in IBM and can lead to modest improvements in muscle strength. an appropriate exercise regimen is recommended. Individuals with IBM are at a high risk for significant falls, and many can benefit from using assistive devices such as walking sticks or walking frames. Additionally, orthotic devices like ankle-foot orthotics (AFOs) can provide support and enhance mobility for those experiencing foot drop. Maintaining a well-balanced diet is important for overall health and can support muscle function and energy levels. In some cases, it may be beneficial to consult with a dietician who can provide dietary advice and interventions. INCLUSION BODY MYOSITIS Studies indicate that frequent, low resistance, endurance exercises are safe in IBM and can lead to modest improvements in muscle strength. While no significant improvement in mobility has been shown, exercise offers numerous physical and psychological benefits. Passive range of motion exercises for severely weak muscles are important for preventing joint contractures (stiffness and immobility). Consulting with a physiotherapist to develop IBM Research The absence of effective treatments for inclusion body myositis (IBM) remains a significant unmet need. This challenge arises from several factors, including an incomplete understanding of the disease’s underlying pathogenesis and barriers